Subject: Scientific Origins, part three For those who say +quot;but it can't just be so+qu

Subject: Scientific Origins, part three For those who say "but it can't just be so", the following references have been collected to demonstrate that the proposed processes COULD produce the expected results with no "miracles" involved, using understood processes. Also note that the "Creationists" time errors based on interrupted systems (i.e. helium buildup, ocean salts,...) do not stand up if you bother to look at the entire system. Also note that the "it is so unlikely" does not stand up very well, either. I have personally read all of these. Creationists feel free. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - -- - Stellar System Formation: Computer Simulation of the Formation of Planetary Systems by S. Dole in Icarus 13, 494-508 (1970) Extra-Solar Planetary Systems: A Microcomputer Simulation Fogg, Journal of the British Interplanetary Society (JBIS) Vol 38 pp 501-514 (1985) Calculations on the Composition of the terrestrial Planets Reynolds & Summers, Journal of Geophysical Research vol 74, no 10 May 15, 1969 p 2494 The formation of the Earth from Planetesimals Wetherill, Scientific American June 1981 Fractionation of Iron in the Solar System Harris & Tozer, Nature vol 215, Sept 30, 1967 Formation of the Sun and Planets A. G. W. Cameron, Icarus 1, 13-69 (1962) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Planet formation: On Volcanism and Thermal Tectonics on one-plate Planets Solomon, Geophysical Research Letters, vol 5, no 6 June 1978 Equation for Thermal Expansivity in Planetary Interiors Anderson, Journal of Geophysical Research vol 72 no 14 July 15, 1967 Internal Processes Affecting Surfaces of Low-Density Satellites: Ganymede and Callisto Parmentier & Head, Journal of Geophysical Research vol 84 no B11, Oct 10, 1979 The Supercontinent Cycle Nance, Worsley, & Moody, Scientific American, July 1988 Alfred Wegener and the Hypothesis of Continental Drift A. Hallam, Scientific American Feb 1975 Hargraves, R.B., "Precambrian Geological History", Science 193,4251 (30 July 1976), pp 363 - 371 Goldreich, Peter, and Stanton Peale, "Spin - Orbit Coupling in the Solar System", Astron. J. 71, 6 (August 1966), pp 425- 438 Cloud, Preston E., Jr., "Atmospheric and Hydrospheric Evolution on the Primitive Earth", Science 160, (17 May 1968), pp 729 - 736 Hart, Michael H, "Habitable Zones About Main-Sequence Stars", Icarus 37 (1979), pp 351 - 357 Mart, Michael H, "The Effect of a Planet's Size on the Evolution of its Atmosphere", published in some conference or another; I got a copy from the author. (ave Allen ) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Habitability Development: Planets for Man Dole Our Evolving Atmosphere Is Anyone There? by Isacc Asimov Second Planet, Second Earth S. L. Gillett, Analog Dec 84 The Postdiluvian World S. L. Gillett, Analog Nov 85 The Galaxy Before Man T. M. Donaldson, Analog Sept 84 The Steady State of the Earth's crust, atmosphere and oceans Siever, Scientific American, May 1974 The Prevalence of Earthlike Planets Pollard, American Scientist, vol 67, nov-dec 1979 p 653 Extra-solar planetary systems II: Habitable Planets in the Galaxy Fogg, JBIS vol 39, pp. 99-109, 1986 Problem of habitation on planetary systems of red-dwarf start Ksanfomality, JBIS vol 39, p 416-417, 1986 The Number of Inhabited Planets in the Galaxy Tang, JBIS, vol 37, p 410-413, 1984 The Evolution of the Atmosphere of the Earth Hart, Icarus, 33, 23-39, 1978 Evolution of the Atmosphere and Oceans Holland, Lazar & McCaffery, Nature vol 320, 6 mar 1986 World Builder: A modest Program for designing strange new Worlds S. Kimmel, Creative Computing, June 1983 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Atmospheric development: A Similarity Approach to the General Circulation of Planetary Atmospheres Golitsyn, Icarus, 13, p 1-24, (1970) The Atmosphere of Venus Schubert & Covey, Scientific American, July 1981, p66 The Runaway Greenhouse and the Accumulation of CO2 in the Venus Atmosphere Rasool & Bergh, Nature, vol 226, June 13 1970 The Volcanoes and Clouds of Venus Prinn, Scientific American, Mar 1985 Structure of the Lower Atmosphere of Venus C. Sagan, Icarus 1, 151-169 (1962) The Energy Budget and Atmospheric Circulation on a synchronously Rotating Planet Mintz, Icarus, 172-173 (1962) The Carbon Dioxide Question Woodwell, Scientific American, Jan 1978 The Energy Cycle of the Earth OOrt, Scientific American, Sept 1970 Heat and Helium in the Earth O'Nions & Oxburgh, Nature, vol 306, 1 Dec 1983 The Atmosphere Ingersoll, Scientific American, Sept 1983 _Advances in Geophysics_, Academic Press, a yearly publication. The 1983 volume (ISBN 0-12-018825-2, volume 25 in the series, edited by Barry Salzman) is entitled Theory of Climate. Volume 28 A and B (ISBN 0-12-018828-8 and 0-120018849-X, 1985, edited by Syukuro Manabe) is entitled Issues in Atmospheric and Oceanic Modelling. My library has them under QC801.A283. The Circulation of the Upper Atmosphere R. E. Newell, Scientific American March 1964 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Climatic development: Enhanced CO2 greenhouse to compensate for reduced solar luminosity on early earth Owen & Cess, Nature, vol 227, 22Feb 1979 The Warm Earth Toon & Olson, Nature, october 1985 How climate Evolved on the Terrestrial Planets Kasting, Toon, & Pollack, Scientific American, Feb 1988 The Climate of Mars Haberle, Scientific American, May 1986 Climate Modeling Schneider, Scientific American, May 1987 The Climatic Effects of Nuclear War Turco, Toon, Ackerman, Pollack & Sagan, Scientific American, Aug 84 The Lost Seas of Venus W. J. Kaufmann, Science Digest Sept 1982 Climatic Changes of the last 18,000 years: Observations and Model Simulations COHMAP members, Science vol 241, 26 Aug 88, p 1043-1052 The Surface of Ice-Age Earth CLIMAP, Science vol 191, 19 mar 76 pp 1131 Components of the Ice Age Circulation Rind, J. of Geophysical Research, vol 92 p 4241-4281, 1987 The Influenc of Continental Ice Sheets on the Climate of an Ice Age Manabe & Broccoli, JofGR vol 90, p 2167-2190, 1985 The Role of Earth Radiation Budget Studies in Climate and General Circulation Research Ramanathan, JoGR vol 92, p 4075-4095, 1987 A Study of the Radiative Effects of Enhanced Atmospheric CO2 and CH4 on Early Earth Surface Temperatures Kiehl & Dickinson, JofGR vol 92, pp2991-2998, 1987 A Quasi-Three-Dimensional Climate Model Sellers, Journal of Climate and Applied Meterology, vol 22, sept 83, pp 1557 Atmospheric Effects of Nuclear War Aerosols in General Circulation Model Simulations: Influence of Smoke on Optical Properties Thompson & Ramaswamy, JofGR, vol 92, pp10942-10960, Sept 1987 - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Development of Life: Life in Darwin's Universe G. Bylinsky, Omni Sept 79 The Biosphere Cloud, Scientific American, Sept 1983 The Energy Cycle of the Biosphere Woodwel, Scientific American, Sept 1970 The Probability of Contact with extra-terrestrial Life Langton, JBIS, vol 29, 465-468, 1976 The Physical Appearance of Intelligent Aliens Spall, JBIS vol 32, 99-102, 1978 Evolutionary Objections to 'alien design' models Coffey, JBIS, vol39 #1, Nov 86 The Evolution of Ecological Systems May, Scientific American, Sept 1978 Chemical Evolution and the Origin of Life Dickerson, Scientific American, Sept 1978 The Evolution of the Earliest Cells Schopf, Scientific American, Sept 1978 The Evolution of Multicellular Plants and Ani als Valentine, Scientific American, Sept 1978 The Evolution of Behavior Smith, Scientific American, Sept 1978 The Evolution of Man Washburn, Scientific American, Sept 1978 The Blind Watchmaker Richard Dawkins Computer-simulated Plant Evolution Niklas, Scientific American (last couple of years) (my copy doesn't have the date in it. GREAT article) Extraterrestrial Zoology R. A. Freitas, Analog July 81 Xenobiology R. A. Freitas, Analog Mar 81 Xenopsychology R. A. Freitas, Analog Apr 81 Huminoids on Other Planets R. Bieri, American Scientist, August, 52, 1964 Alien Sex R. A. Freitas, Analog, June 1982 Making Sense of Extraterrestrial Senses K. J. Rose, Analog Jan 1979 Those Halogen Breathers S. L. Gillett, Analog, Oct 1984 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - And finally, for those who like to keep track of developments after Man without requiring divine interference... Sociological & Cultural development: Numbers, Predication & War Dupuy Simulated International Processes Guetzkow & Valadez SOVMOD I: A macroeconomic Model of the Soviet Union Green & Higgins Presidents, Secretaries of State, and Crises in U.S. Foreign Relations: A Model and Predictive Analysis Falkowski A World Model The Club of Rome World Modeling: The Mesarovic-Pestel World Model in the Context of its Contempories Hughes Forecasting in International Relations Choucri Simulation in International Relations Guetzkow, Alger, Brody, Noel & Snyder Simulated Worlds Bremer Directly Interacting Extra-terrestrial Technological Communities Viewing, JBIS, vol 28, pp 735-755, 1975 Extra-Solar Planetary Systems III: Potential Sites for the origin and Evolution of Technical Civilizations Fogg, JBIS, vol 39, pp. 317-324, 1986 Computer Simulation of Cultural Drift: Limits on Interstellar Colonization Bainbridge, JBIS, vol 37, pp 420-429, 1984 The Improbability of Bahavioural Convergence in Aliens - Behavioural Implications of Morphology Coffey, JBIS, vol 38, pp 515-520, 1985 The Human Analogy and the Evolution of Extraterrestrial Civilizations Wertz, JBIS, vol 29, pp 445-464, 1976 The climatic background to the birth of civilization Lamb, Advancement of Science vol 25 pp 103 - 120 1968 AN INTRODUCTION TO MATHEMATICAL MODELS IN THE SOCIAL AND LIFE SCIENCES Michael Olinick vol. 2 of the global 2000 report. April and May 1988 Analog articles on Psychohistory