Table 6-3. Clinical pharmacokinetics and dosages of the non-thiazide
diuretics. Presc Cat contains the controlled drug (Rx)
and FDA pregnancy safety category codes (B,C)
To calculate dose for an over/underweight patient:
_________________________________________________________________________
Drug Recommended Time to Duration
Available Dose Dosing onset (half-life) Presc
as Interval (hrs) (hrs) Cat Notes
_______________(mg)__(hrs)_______________________________________________
LOOP DIURETICS
Bumetanide
Bumex: 0.5,1 mg tabs; 0.5 mg/2 mL amp for IV or IM injection
0.5-2 12-24 0.1-1 2-6 Rx;(C) 1
Ethacrynic acid
Edecrin: 25,50 mg tabs; 50 mg powder/vial for IV (only) injection
50-100 24 0.1-0.5 2-8 Rx;(C) 1
Furosemide
generic, Lasix: 20,40,80 mg tabs; 10 mg/mL oral suspension;
10 mg/mL for IM or IV injection
20-80 12-24 0.1-1 2-8 Rx;(C) 1
(End key for footnotes, PgDn for more drugs)
POTASSIUM-SPARING DIURETICS
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Drug Dose Interval Onset(h) Dur(h) Cat Notes
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Amiloride
Midamor: 5 mg tabs
5-20 24 2 24 Rx;B
Spironolactone
generic, Aldactone: 25,50,100 mg tabs
25-200 24 24-48 48-72 Rx;(C)
Triamterene
generic, Dyrenium: 50,100 mg tabs
100-150 12 2 12-16 Rx;(C)
(PgDn key for more drugs)
CARBONIC ANHYDRASE INHIBITORS
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Drug Dose Interval Onset(h) Dur(h) Cat Notes
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Acetazolamide
generic, Diamox: 125,250 mg tabs; 500 mg sustained
release caps; 500 mg/vial for injection
250-500 12-24 2-3 Rx;(C) 2
Dichlorphenamide
Daranide: 50 mg tabs
25-50 8-24 1-2 6-12 Rx;(C) 3,4
Methazolamide
Neptazane: 50 mg tabs
50-100 8-12 2-3 10-18 Rx;(C) 4
(End key for footnotes, PgDn key for more drugs)
OSMOTIC DIURETICS
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Drug Dose Interval Onset(h) Dur(h) Cat Notes
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see manufacturer's recommendations for the specific indication
Mannitol (IV use only) Rx;(C)
generic, Osmitrol: available in 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25% solutions
Isosorbide (Oral use only) Rx;(B)
Ismotic: available as 45% (0.45g/mL) solution
Glycerine (Oral use only) Rx;C
Glyrol: 75% (0.94g/mL) solution
Osmolglyn: 50% (0.6g/mL) solution Urea (IV use only) Rx;C
Ureaphil: 40 g/150 mL solution
=========================================================================
(PgDn key for footnotes)
FOOTNOTES:
1. Onset of action within minutes after injection; 1 hour after oral ad-
ministration.
2. Given daily in the dosages listed for the treatment of glaucoma and
epilepsy; 2 days out of every 3 at 1/2 to 1/3 the listed dosage in edema
due to congestive failure.
3. Loading dose 4 times greater suggested until desired effect is
achieved.
4. Indicated for glaucoma; not recommended for use as a diuretic.
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